Metallic roofing



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Shgt 1,. H. E. KOZER.

METALLIC ROOFING. No. 269,297. Fig.1, Patented De0.19,1882.

thsrrnn STATES met.

METALLIC ROOFING.

SPECIFICATION forming partof Letters Patent No. 269,297, dated December19, 1882.

Application filed October 13, 1882. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, HARRISON E. KOZER, a citizen of the United btates,residing at Waynesburg, in the county of Greene and State ofPennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inMetallic Rooting, of which the following is a specification, referencebeing had therein to the accompanying drawings. My invention relates tometal roofing; and

it consists in certain features hereinafter described, and specificallyset forth in the claims.

Figure 1 is a perspective of a portion of a roof constructed inaccordance with my invention. Fig.2 is a section on the line as :0; Fig.3, a section on the line 3 y, and Fig. 4 an enlarged perspective. Fig. 5illustrates a valley and gutter, and Fig. 6 a section of a standingSeam.

Like letters refer to like parts in all the figures.

A represents the usual sheets of tin or other suitable rooting material,which are united by transverse seams a and by longitudinal stand- 2 ingseams b, which are preferably double, as shown at Fig. 2, and at theupperend these seams are turned down, in order to be securely covered bya ridge-piece of any desired form.

B represents a gutter, which,at the cave-line 0 b b, is mergedintegrally into the main portion of the roof near said line, and isfinally joined to said main portion of the roof by a double seam, G,which is flat between the longitudinal standing seams I). In thisconstruc- 3 5 tion the gutter is formed of a series of sheets joined toeach other by any suitable means. It may be either a flat lap, solderedseam, or a single or doubleflat folded seam, and said series is thenshaped longitudinally to form 4.0 the gutter proper, B, and a plainwater-shedding portion, B, which is without seam longitudinally; and anedge of this portion B is adapted to be united to the main roof by adouble folded seam, whereby no solder is re- 4 5 quired to render theconnection of the gutter and roof water-tight.

It is apparent that the severest tests which metal roofs of. ordinaryconstruction are required to withstand are occasioned by the contractionand expansion of the material in consequence of the variation intemperature to which they are exposed and the wedging action offreezingwater in thejoints. It is also found in pracice that eventightly-soldered joints arefrequentlybroken by theseandothercauses, andthat the most desirable joint is that which allows a degree ofindependent movement on the part of the sheets united to each other, andyet which maintains such a union between them as to prevent the entranceof water.

By uniting the gutter to the roof proper by a double joint and by theretention of the usual standing longitudinal seams, and providing asmooth, unobstructed water-shedding portion immediately at thecave-line, I produce a roof which is adapted to successfully withstandthe severest tests. It is evident that the same features may be appliedto gutters which project beyond the eaves, or which are included withinthe same and to the valleys of roofs in general. I therefore illustratein Fig. 5aportion of a roof of that class wherein a valley, D, isconnected with gutters B,which arejoined in a corner, as frequentlyoccurs where wings join the main building. In this instance the standingscams 1) N, which extend from ridge to gutter, and the longitudinalseams b b, are merged into eaohother by flattening the latter andfolding the flattened ends thereof along with the edges of the roofwhich are folded to '80- form the seams, and, as clearly shown, theflattened portions of the seams b serve as outlets for or permit thefree passage of the water from the divisions of the roof formed by thestanding seams and into the gutters below, and as said outlets occur atthe lowest points in all of said divisions it is impossible for anymaterial quantity of water to lodge near any of thejoints to injure thesame by rust or corrosion or by freezing.

The valley D may be joined to the gutters by a soldered joint, (I, or(if desired) a double folded and flattened seam may be formed, as shownin the other intersecting seams of the root. In practice it is notessential that the 5 transverse standing seams should be flattened theirentire width or length, the only requisite being an outlet, and this canbe formed atthe center only, if desired, and such location andlimitation of said flattened portion or outlet is we perhaps preferable,as it permits free access beneath said seams for thepurpose of paintingthe exposed under surfaces thereof.

It is apparent that instead of twice folding one ply of the seam andthrice folding the other ply, as shown in Fig. 2, which also includesthe usual securing-strips, 0, (shown in dotted lines, Fig. 1,) the pliesforming the seam may each be twice folded, as seen in Fig. 6. Infact,any usual standing seam may be united or joined to an intersectingseam by flattening the same before joining the flattened plies thereofwith those forming the adjacent seam, and therefore I am enabled toapply my improvements to roots as at present constructed, as inrepairing and in supplying new gutters and valleys a transverse seam, asU, and longitudinal seams b bounding the valleys, are formed of the oldmaterial and the new joined thereto, as shown. By my improvements aseamless water-shrd at the gutter-line and expansible unsolderedwater-tight seams are secured.

Having described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secureby Letters Patent, is

1. In a roof, the combination of the roof-covering composed ofthe'sheets A, united by transverse seams a and standing double seams b,flattened at each end, and the gutter B B, joined to said roof-coveringby adouble seam, O, flattened between the said longitudinal standingseams, substantially as shown and described.

2. In a roof, the combination of the gutter B and water-shed B, formedin one piece, and the sheets A, formed into a series of standing seamsflattened and united to the water-shed by a double folded flattenedunsoldered seam, substantially as shown and described.

In testimony whereofl atfix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

HARRISON E. KOZER.

